According to the different planting objects and technological processes, planting machinery can be divided into three categories: seeder, planter and seedling planter.
Planter
The object planted by the seeder is the seed of the crop or the coated seed made into pellets. According to the sowing method, it can be divided into three categories: spreader, drill and hole sower. Various types of precision seeders developed in large quantities in the 1950s can precisely control the seeding rate, hole (plant) spacing and sowing depth. The pneumatic seeding precision seeder developed in the 1970s, its seed metering device (air suction type, air pressure type or air blowing type) uses positive pressure or negative pressure airflow to discharge a row of seeds at certain intervals to achieve single-grain precision seeding. Compared with the traditional mechanical seed metering device, it has the characteristics of accurate seeding rate and no damage to seeds. In addition, there is a mechanical precision metering device. It is a suspended 6-row row crop seeder with fertilization device, which can be used for row sowing and hole sowing of row crops such as soybean, corn and sorghum.
Planter
The planting machine is used to plant seed blocks of crops such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, and onions, and seed segments of sugarcane. Due to the large differences in the characteristics and planting requirements of different crop species and segments, most of the planting machines are special planting machines, and the commonly used ones are potato planting machines and sugarcane planting machines.
Seedling machinery
The planting objects of the seedling planting machine are rice seedlings of crops such as rice, cotton, tobacco, vegetables, fruit trees and flowers, and seedlings with nutrient bowls or soil. Planting machines are divided into three types: semi-mechanized, mechanized and automated. The semi-mechanized seedling planting machine is completed by the machine to complete the processes of ditching, covering soil and pressing, while the seedling picking and planting are completed by the planter sitting on the machine. The seedling-planting action of the mechanized rice seedling planting machine is also completed by the machine, but still takes the seedlings and puts them into the seedling-planting mechanism by the seedling-planting hands. The automatic seedling planting machine only manually loads the seedlings in trays (usually the seedlings with nutrient bowls) onto the seedling tray rack of the machine, and the machine automatically completes the entire planting process while it is moving.
Fertilizer machinery is used to apply various chemical fertilizers (granular fertilizer, liquid fertilizer), barnyard manure, manure, and compost in the field. The fertilization device casts. Commonly used fertilization machines include barn manure spreader, fertilizer spreader, liquid fertilizer sprayer, chemical fertilizer spreader and ammonia strip applicator, etc.
